The presence of dialkylphosphates in fresh fruit juices: implication for organophosphorus pesticide exposure and risk assessments.
Identifieur interne : 002682 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002681; suivant : 002683The presence of dialkylphosphates in fresh fruit juices: implication for organophosphorus pesticide exposure and risk assessments.
Auteurs : C. Lu [États-Unis] ; R. Bravo ; L M Caltabiano ; R M Irish ; G. Weerasekera ; D B BarrSource :
- Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A [ 1528-7394 ] ; 2005.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Beverages (analysis), Citrus sinensis (chemistry), Drug Stability, Environmental Pollutants (analysis), Food Contamination, Fruit (chemistry), Malus (chemistry), Organophosphorus Compounds (analysis), Organophosphorus Compounds (chemistry), Pesticides (analysis), Pesticides (chemistry), Risk Assessment, Time Factors.
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : Environmental Pollutants, Organophosphorus Compounds, Pesticides.
- analysis : Beverages.
- chemistry : Citrus sinensis, Fruit, Malus, Organophosphorus Compounds, Pesticides.
- Drug Stability, Food Contamination, Risk Assessment, Time Factors.
Abstract
This study was designed to determine whether dialkylphosphates (DAPs) are present in fresh fruit juices, as a result of organophosphorus (OP) pesticides degradation. Fresh conventional and organic fruit (apple and orange) juices were purchased from local grocery stores. DAPs were found in both conventional and organic juices, and the original levels were higher, for both apple and orange juices, in conventional than in organic juices. Additional DAPs were found in OP pesticide fortified juices after 72 h of storage at 4 degrees C, suggesting a degradation of OP pesticides in juices. Overall, 12% and 36.2% of fortified azinphosmethyl, a dimethyl OP pesticide, and the combination of fortified diazinon and chlorpyrifos, both diethyl OP pesticides, were degraded to dimethyl and diethyl DAPs, respectively. Although the exact mechanism of the degradation is unknown, hydrolysis is likely the cause of OP pesticide degradation in juice. The presence of DAPs in fresh fruit juices clouds the validity of using urinary DAP measurements for estimating OP pesticide exposures in humans, particularly in children. The overestimated OP pesticide exposures based on urinary DAPs reported in other studies is likely due to the coexistence of preformed DAPs and DAPs resulting from OP pesticide exposures. Thus, before urinary DAP concentrations can be reliably used in exposure and risk assessment, the proportion of the concentration attributable to environmental DAP exposure, particularly through the diet, must be ascertained. In conclusion, urinary DAPs have many limitations when being used as biomarkers for OP pesticides in exposure and risk assessment, and caution should be exercised when interpreting DAPs results.
DOI: 10.1080/15287390590890554
PubMed: 15762180
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 000D28
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 000D28
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 000D28
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 000361
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 000361
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 000361
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 002795
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 002682
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The presence of dialkylphosphates in fresh fruit juices: implication for organophosphorus pesticide exposure and risk assessments.</title><author><name sortKey="Lu, C" sort="Lu, C" uniqKey="Lu C" first="C" last="Lu">C. Lu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. clu2@sph.emory.edu</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bravo, R" sort="Bravo, R" uniqKey="Bravo R" first="R" last="Bravo">R. Bravo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Caltabiano, L M" sort="Caltabiano, L M" uniqKey="Caltabiano L" first="L M" last="Caltabiano">L M Caltabiano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Irish, R M" sort="Irish, R M" uniqKey="Irish R" first="R M" last="Irish">R M Irish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weerasekera, G" sort="Weerasekera, G" uniqKey="Weerasekera G" first="G" last="Weerasekera">G. Weerasekera</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barr, D B" sort="Barr, D B" uniqKey="Barr D" first="D B" last="Barr">D B Barr</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2005">2005</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:15762180</idno><idno type="pmid">15762180</idno><idno type="doi">10.1080/15287390590890554</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000D28</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000D28</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000D28</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000361</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000361</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000361</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">1528-7394:2005:Lu C:the:presence:of</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">002795</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">002682</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">002682</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The presence of dialkylphosphates in fresh fruit juices: implication for organophosphorus pesticide exposure and risk assessments.</title><author><name sortKey="Lu, C" sort="Lu, C" uniqKey="Lu C" first="C" last="Lu">C. Lu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. clu2@sph.emory.edu</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bravo, R" sort="Bravo, R" uniqKey="Bravo R" first="R" last="Bravo">R. Bravo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Caltabiano, L M" sort="Caltabiano, L M" uniqKey="Caltabiano L" first="L M" last="Caltabiano">L M Caltabiano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Irish, R M" sort="Irish, R M" uniqKey="Irish R" first="R M" last="Irish">R M Irish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weerasekera, G" sort="Weerasekera, G" uniqKey="Weerasekera G" first="G" last="Weerasekera">G. Weerasekera</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barr, D B" sort="Barr, D B" uniqKey="Barr D" first="D B" last="Barr">D B Barr</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A</title><idno type="ISSN">1528-7394</idno><imprint><date when="2005" type="published">2005</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Beverages (analysis)</term><term>Citrus sinensis (chemistry)</term><term>Drug Stability</term><term>Environmental Pollutants (analysis)</term><term>Food Contamination</term><term>Fruit (chemistry)</term><term>Malus (chemistry)</term><term>Organophosphorus Compounds (analysis)</term><term>Organophosphorus Compounds (chemistry)</term><term>Pesticides (analysis)</term><term>Pesticides (chemistry)</term><term>Risk Assessment</term><term>Time Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Environmental Pollutants</term><term>Organophosphorus Compounds</term><term>Pesticides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Beverages</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Citrus sinensis</term><term>Fruit</term><term>Malus</term><term>Organophosphorus Compounds</term><term>Pesticides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Drug Stability</term><term>Food Contamination</term><term>Risk Assessment</term><term>Time Factors</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study was designed to determine whether dialkylphosphates (DAPs) are present in fresh fruit juices, as a result of organophosphorus (OP) pesticides degradation. Fresh conventional and organic fruit (apple and orange) juices were purchased from local grocery stores. DAPs were found in both conventional and organic juices, and the original levels were higher, for both apple and orange juices, in conventional than in organic juices. Additional DAPs were found in OP pesticide fortified juices after 72 h of storage at 4 degrees C, suggesting a degradation of OP pesticides in juices. Overall, 12% and 36.2% of fortified azinphosmethyl, a dimethyl OP pesticide, and the combination of fortified diazinon and chlorpyrifos, both diethyl OP pesticides, were degraded to dimethyl and diethyl DAPs, respectively. Although the exact mechanism of the degradation is unknown, hydrolysis is likely the cause of OP pesticide degradation in juice. The presence of DAPs in fresh fruit juices clouds the validity of using urinary DAP measurements for estimating OP pesticide exposures in humans, particularly in children. The overestimated OP pesticide exposures based on urinary DAPs reported in other studies is likely due to the coexistence of preformed DAPs and DAPs resulting from OP pesticide exposures. Thus, before urinary DAP concentrations can be reliably used in exposure and risk assessment, the proportion of the concentration attributable to environmental DAP exposure, particularly through the diet, must be ascertained. In conclusion, urinary DAPs have many limitations when being used as biomarkers for OP pesticides in exposure and risk assessment, and caution should be exercised when interpreting DAPs results.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Géorgie (États-Unis)</li></region></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Barr, D B" sort="Barr, D B" uniqKey="Barr D" first="D B" last="Barr">D B Barr</name><name sortKey="Bravo, R" sort="Bravo, R" uniqKey="Bravo R" first="R" last="Bravo">R. Bravo</name><name sortKey="Caltabiano, L M" sort="Caltabiano, L M" uniqKey="Caltabiano L" first="L M" last="Caltabiano">L M Caltabiano</name><name sortKey="Irish, R M" sort="Irish, R M" uniqKey="Irish R" first="R M" last="Irish">R M Irish</name><name sortKey="Weerasekera, G" sort="Weerasekera, G" uniqKey="Weerasekera G" first="G" last="Weerasekera">G. Weerasekera</name></noCountry><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Géorgie (États-Unis)"><name sortKey="Lu, C" sort="Lu, C" uniqKey="Lu C" first="C" last="Lu">C. Lu</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Bois/explor/OrangerV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 002682 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 002682 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Bois
|area= OrangerV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= pubmed:15762180
|texte= The presence of dialkylphosphates in fresh fruit juices: implication for organophosphorus pesticide exposure and risk assessments.
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:15762180" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a OrangerV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.25. |  |